Nuran AKYURT, Erem AKYURT BAL
İnönü Üniversitesi Sağlık Hizmetleri Meslek Yüksek Okulu Dergisi - 2026;14(1):14-37
This study was conducted as part of the ethically approved project titled "Development of a Virtual Reality (VR)-Based Prototype for Early Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Screening. " The primary aim was to adapt the MEC Spatial Presence Questionnaire (MEC-SPQ) into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties within a VR-based health education setting. A total of 776 participants-including university students, health sciences students, and individuals from the general public-engaged in an interactive VR breast health education module and completed the MEC-SPQ and a demographic form. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha (alpha = 0.987), and construct validity was examined via Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). CFA results showed high construct validity, with standardized factor loadings ranging from 0.596 to 0.926. Model fit indices indicated acceptable fit (CFI = 0.909, TLI = 0.905, RMSEA = 0.0612, SRMR = 0.0328). Concurrent validity was supported through correlations with related subdimensions. The results confirmed that the Turkish version of the MEC-SPQ is a valid and reliable instrument for measuring spatial presence in VR environments. Its integration into Turkish-language research contributes significantly to VR-based health education and to user-experience evaluation.
