Betül Zehra Karip, Burak Karip, Fatma Ok, Fulya Temizsoy Korkmaz
Journal of Academic Research in Medicine - 2025;15(3):132-136
Objective: The suborbicularis oculi fat (SOOF) is a distinct fibro-adipose tissue with critical functional and aesthetic roles in the midface. Despite its clinical relevance, the precise anatomical and histological characteristics of this condition remain underdefined. This study aims to delineate the structural organization and tissue composition of the SOOF, with a focus on its relationship with the orbicularis oculi muscle (OOM) and the superficial muscular aponeurotic system (SMAS). Methods: Tissue samples from the lateral infraorbital region, including skin, SMAS, OOM, and SOOF, were harvested post-mortem from ten body donors without prior head or neck interventions. Samples were fixed in 4.5% formaldehyde, sectioned, and stained using hematoxylin and eosin and mass's trichrome. Histological analyses focused on collagen organization, muscle integration, and vascularization. Results: SOOF was identified as a multilayered, vascularized tissue located beneath the OOM and connected to the SMAS through fibrous septa. Mass's Trichrome staining revealed dense, well-aligned collagen bundles and interspersed muscle fibers, forming a complex ligamentous structure. These findings suggest a dynamic interface between connective and contractile elements, supporting both the structural and functional integrity of the lower eyelid and midface region. Conclusion: The SOOF is not a passive fat pad but a myofibrous unit integrated with adjacent anatomical structures. Its anatomical continuity with the SMAS and OOM underscores its importance in facial dynamics, aging, and surgical intervention. A deeper understanding of SOOF morphology enables more precise, functionally informed approaches to midfacial rejuvenation and reconstructive surgery.
