Hatice Yaren ŞANLI, Hayreddin GEZEGEN
Türk Fen ve Sağlık Dergisi - 2026;7(2):117-132
Purpose: Diabetes mellitus is a prevalent metabolic disorder characterized by impaired insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and persistent hyperglycemia. In recent years, increasing attention has been directed toward plant-derived compounds due to their diverse biological activities and comparatively lower risk of adverse effects. This review aims to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of ginger (Zingiber officinale), clove (Syzygium aromaticum), and dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Material and Methods: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using published in vitro, in vivo, and limited clinical studies investigating the effects of ginger, clove, and dandelion on glucose metabolism and diabetes-related pathways. Relevant studies were analyzed to assess proposed mechanisms of action and therapeutic relevance. Results: The reviewed studies indicate that these medicinal plants may exhibit hypoglycemic effects through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase activities, enhancement of insulin secretion, and attenuation of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Experimental and animal studies report promising outcomes; however, evidence from human clinical trials remains insufficient. Conclusion: Current findings suggest that ginger, clove, and dandelion may serve as complementary agents in diabetes management. Nevertheless, further well-designed clinical studies are required to confirm their long-term safety, efficacy, and optimal therapeutic dosage in humans.
