Özlem KARDAŞ KİN, Asiye AKYOL
Journal of Medicine and Palliative Care - 2026;7(3):591-608
Aims: This systematic review aimed to assess healthcare professionals' knowledge levels regarding blood transfusion practices and evaluate the existing literature. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar using predefined keywords such as "blood, " "blood transfusion, " "nurse, " "information, " "education, " and "healthcare professional. " Studies published between 2000 and 2025, available in full text, in English and meeting inclusion criteria were included. After screening, 42 studies were selected. Results: Findings showed the absence of a universally accepted, valid and reliable tool to assess knowledge and practices related to blood transfusion. Overall, knowledge and practice levels among nurses and other healthcare professionals were low to moderate. Major deficiencies were identified in post-transfusion monitoring, management of transfusion-related complications, and hemovigilance practices. Higher levels were associated with postgraduate education, longer experience, frequent involvement in transfusion procedures, availability of protocols and prior training. Educational interventions improved knowledge and skills; however, these effects may diminish without continuous reinforcement. Conclusion: Improving blood transfusion practices requires regular mandatory in service training. Additionally, expanding simulation-based education, standardizing protocols, enhancing electronic blood tracking systems, and integrating transfusion topics into healthcare curricula are recommended.
