Kübra Özata Gündoğdu, Emine Doğan, Yersultan İslambekov, İsa Yuvacı
Retina-Vitreus - 2025;34(4):303-309
Purpose: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of three intravitreal anti-VEGF agents (Bevacizumab, Aflibercept, and Ranibizumab) in the treatment of macular edema (ME) secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on treatment-naive patients diagnosed with BRVO-related ME between 2022 and 2024. All patients received three consecutive monthly intravitreal injections of either Bevacizumab (IVB, n=29), Aflibercept (IV A, n=19), or Ranibizumab (IVR, n=30). Best-corrected visual acuity (BCV A) and central macular thickness (CMT) were evaluated at baseline and after the third injection. Results: Mean baseline BCV A (logMAR) was similar across groups (IVB: 0.87+/-0.46, IV A: 0.91+/-0.70, IVR: 0.96+/-0.41; p=0.23), as were baseline CMT values (IVB: 616.9+/-569.0 µm, IV A: 609.3+/-560.5 µm, IVR: 537.3+/-504.0 µm; p=0.258). All three groups showed significant improvement in BCV A and CMT following treatment. Final BCV A improved to 0.57+/-0.37 in IVB, 0.45+/-0.29 in IV A, and 0.43+/-0.29 in IVR. Final CMT reduced to 393.2+/-343.0 µm (IVB), 308.0+/-295.0 µm (IV A), and 320.5+/-280.0 µm (IVR), all with p<0.0001. No statistically significant differences were observed between groups in terms of BCV A or CMT changes (p=0.30 and p=0.36, respectively). Conclusion: All three anti-VEGF agents were similarly effective in improving visual acuity and reducing macular thickness after three monthly injections. Treatment selection can be guided by availability, cost, and clinical context, as no significant efficacy differences were found in the short term.
