Şule Sayan, Elif Pınar Bakır, Şeyhmus Bakır
Journal of Dental Sciences and Education - 2025;3(4):101-110
Aims: The aim of our study is to evaluate the effects of surface treatments performed prior to composite resin repair on the shear bond strength of one ceramic CAD/CAM material (IPS e.max) and two different CAD/CAM materials with resin additions (Lava Ultimate and Vita Enamic) and to investigate the contribution of milling roughening to other surface treatments. Methods: In our study, a total of 189 samples with a thickness of 2 mm were prepared, with 63 samples from each of the IPS e.max, Lava Ultimate, and Vita Enamic blocks. The test materials were divided into nine subgroups based on surface treatment techniques (phosphoric acid, HF acid, sandblasting, Cojet, milling + phosphoric acid, milling + HF acid control, milling + sandblasting, milling + Cojet, and control). After the thermal cycling process was applied, silane + bond + composite resin was applied to all sample surfaces. Subsequently, the samples were subjected to a shear bond strength test. Fracture types were evaluated using a stereomicroscope and SEM. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, and post-hoc tests. Results: It was found that the differences between all materials in terms of bonding strength were statistically significant (Vita Enamic > Lava Ultimate > IPS e.max) (p<0.05). The bond strength of the control group was found to be statistically significantly lower than that of the HF acid surface treatment (HF acid > Cojet > Sandblasting > Phosphoric acid > Control) (p<0.05). The highest number of adhesive fractures was observed in the IPS e.max material after all surface treatments, while the highest number of mixed fractures was detected in the Lava Ultimate and Vita Enamic materials. Although milling increased bond strength, it was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Surface treatments applied prior to the repair of ceramic materials with composite resin have increased the bonding strength.
