Abebe HABTAMU, Fikreab BISRAT, Tenagne MILLION
Journal of Surgery and Medicine - 2026;10(2):40-42
Background/Aim: Infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) is a common surgical condition in early infancy, affecting approximately 2 per 1,000 live births. Despite its prevalence, limited data are available regarding the factors contributing to its development. This study aimed to identify determinants associated with IHPS among infants treated at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in 2021. Methods: A retrospective, hospital-based case-control study was conducted from June to September 2021. A total of 466 infants -233 cases and 233 controls -were randomly selected. Data were collected using a structured checklist via the Open Data Kit (ODK) platform and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariable and multivariable binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify significant predictors of IHPS. Statistical significance was set at P<0.05, and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. Results: Five independent determinants of IHPS were identified: male sex (AOR=2.09; 95% CI: 1.38-3.17), first-born status (AOR=2.02; 95% CI: 1.36-3.00), cesarean delivery (AOR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.05-2.89), bottle feeding (AOR=6.08; 95% CI: 2.85-12.98), and blood group O (AOR=2.40; 95% CI: 1.05-5.49). Conclusion: Male sex, first-born status, cesarean delivery, bottle feeding, and blood group O were significantly associated with IHPS. These findings suggest that both genetic and environmental factors contribute to its development. Promoting exclusive breastfeeding is recommended unless contraindicated. Further research is warranted to explore additional etiological factors and inform preventive strategies.
