Havva Betül Bacak, Enes Serhat Coşkun, Süleyman Salman, Serkan Kumbasar, Batuhan Bulut
Journal of Academic Research in Medicine - 2026;16(1):24-28
Objective: Preeclampsia is a multisystemic disorder characterized by inflammation, platelet dysfunction, and target-organ involvement. Early identification of disease severity is crucial for improving maternal and fetal outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preeclampsia severity and hematological, biochemical, and derived inflammatory parameters. Methods: This retrospective study included 135 pregnant women diagnosed with preeclampsia between 2020 and 2025 at a single tertiary center. Patients were classified as having mild or severe preeclampsia based on American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists criteria. Hematological markers [hemoglobin, white blood cell (WBC), platelet, mean platelet volume (MPV)], biochemical parameters [aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), creatinine], and derived indices [neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), platelet-to-neutrophil ratio (PNR)] were recorded. Group comparisons were performed using Student's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, or Fisher's exact test as appropriate. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: Severe preeclampsia was associated with significantly higher hemoglobin (p=0.019), WBC (p=0.005), neutrophil counts (p=0.004), and AST, ALT, and creatinine levels (p=0.003, p<0.001, p=0.002, respectively). Platelet counts were lower in severe cases (p=0.0411). No significant differences were found in MPV (p=0.833), NLR (p=0.614), or PLR (p=0.109). PNR was significantly higher in the mild group (p=0.001), whereas NLR and PLR did not differ significantly. Conclusion: Severe preeclampsia is characterized by intensified inflammation, increased platelet consumption, and more pronounced organ involvement. Among the inflammatory indices, PNR differed significantly between severe and mild disease groups, whereas NLR and PLR did not differ significantly. Combined assessment of hematological and biochemical markers may provide a more comprehensive and reliable approach for evaluating preeclampsia severity. PNR may represent a potential supportive parameter associated with disease severity; however, further studies, including diagnostic performance analyses, are required.
