İrem Ünal, Nuran Küçük, Nahide Haykır Zehir, Yasemin Akın
Southern Clinics of Istanbul Eurasia - 2025;36(3):267-272
Our study aimed to evaluate the demographic characteristics, clinical presentations, metabolic disorders, radiological findings, and treatment outcomes of pediatric patients diagnosed with urinary stone disease in a pediatric nephrology outpatient clinic. A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted involving 256 pediatric patients aged between 0-18 years, diagnosed with urinary stone disease from January to December 2016. Clinical data, laboratory results, radiological findings, and treatments were collected from patient files and analyzed statistically. Among the patients, 52.3% were male, and the median age was 39.5 [15.0-87.0] months. The most common reason for presentation was known urinary stone disease follow-up (21.5%), followed by abdominal pain and restlessness. A positive family history of urinary stone disease was noted in 61.3%, and parental consanguinity was observed in 5.5%. Metabolic abnormalities were detected in 57% of cases, most frequently hypocitraturia (34.4%), hypercalciuria (20.7%), and hyperoxaluria (17.9%). Hypocitraturia was more prevalent in older children, while hypercalciuria was more common in infants. Medical treatment was initiated in 70.7% of patients, primarily with potassium citrate (69.1%). Surgical interventions included extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (12.6%), percutaneous nephrolithotomy (2%), and open surgery (3.1%). Pediatric urinary stone disease commonly presents with metabolic disturbances, particularly hypocitraturia, and frequently involves familial predisposition. Early diagnosis through appropriate imaging and metabolic screening, followed by targeted medical management, is essential for preventing renal complications and reducing the need for surgical interventions.
