Özgür Ozan Tanrıkut, Mehmet Uğur
Anatolian Current Medical Journal - 2025;7(6):919-924
Aims: Chewing, toothbrushing, and parafunctional habits can increase the wear and surface roughness of restorative materials, directly affecting the longevity of restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the wear amount and surface roughness of CAD/CAM ceramics with different chemical compositions after a five-year toothbrushing simulation. Methods: Feldspathic ceramic (Vita Mark II), zirconia-reinforced lithium silicate (Vita Suprinity), polymer-infiltrated hybrid ceramic (Vita Enamic), and resin nano-ceramic (Brilliant Crios) blocks were used. Specimens were sectioned into 2 mm thickness. Vita Mark II, Vita Suprinity, and Vita Enamic were glazed, while Brilliant Crios was polished according to the manufacturers' instructions. A computer-controlled toothbrushing simulator was applied with a 20 mm back-and-forth movement, 1.25 Hz frequency, and 3 N force. A total of 36.500 cycles simulated five years of brushing. Surface roughness was measured at the first, third, and fifth years using a 2D contact profilometer and a 3D optical profilometer, while wear was determined by precision balance. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between Vita Suprinity and both Vita Enamic and Brilliant Crios in terms of wear (p<0.05). The order of wear, from lowest to highest, was: Vita Suprinity, Vita Mark II, Vita Enamic, and Brilliant Crios. The lowest wear occurred at the first year, and the highest at the fifth year. Surface roughness values ranked from lowest to highest as: Vita Suprinity, Vita Mark II, Vita Enamic, and Brilliant Crios. No significant difference was found between the first and fifth year roughness values (p>0.05), while significant differences were detected among other time points (p<0.05). The highest roughness was observed at first year, and the lowest at third year. Conclusion: Glazed specimens exhibited an increase in surface roughness at first year, a decrease at third year, and an increase again at fifth years. Polished specimens showed a continuous increase in roughness over time. Surface wear was greater in glazed than in polished specimens. Vita Suprinity demonstrated the best performance in terms of both wear resistance and surface smoothness, while Brilliant Crios exhibited the highest wear and roughness.
