Yusuf Emre AYTİN, Gökhan ÇEVİK, Sezer Berkay GORÇA, Batuhan Berk TUNCA, Muhammed Şamil YEKELER, Servet Gökay YILDIZ, Can GÜMÜŞ, Doğan ALBAYRAK
Meandros Medical and Dental Journal - 2026;27(3):456-464
Objective: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR) is a frequent complication after colorectal surgery and may adversely affect postoperative recovery. This study aimed to evaluate factors independently associated with POUR in male patients undergoing surgery for sigmoid colon or rectal adenocarcinoma, with particular emphasis on benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate enlargement, and tumor level. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 111 male patients who underwent emergency or elective resection for sigmoid colon or rectal adenocarcinoma between January 2022 and December 2025. POUR was defined as failure to void after catheter removal requiring recatheterization. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors independently associated with POUR. A sensitivity analysis was conducted by replacing clinical BPH with CT-defined prostate enlargement (prostate volume >=30 mL). Results: POUR occurred in 32 patients (28.8%). In the main multivariable model, increasing age (OR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.02-1.15; p=0.015), preoperative BPH (OR: 16.85, 95% CI: 5.05-56.23; p<0.001), and middle/lower rectal tumor location (OR: 8.00, 95% CI: 2.02-31.76; p=0.003) were independently associated with POUR. In the sensitivity model, CT-defined prostate enlargement remained independently associated with POUR (OR: 3.31, 95% CI: 1.13-9.71; p=0.030). Conclusion: POUR was observed in nearly one-third of male patients undergoing sigmoid colon or rectal cancer surgery. Increasing age, preoperative BPH, prostate enlargement, and middle/lower rectal tumor location were independently associated with POUR. Integration of preoperative urological assessment and tumor-level evaluation may improve risk stratification and support individualized perioperative bladder management in high-risk patients.
