Aslı ODABAŞI GİDEN
Journal of Current Hematology & Oncology Research - 2026;4(2):57-62
Aims : The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between immunoglobulin subtypes and the development of renal failure in patients with multiple myeloma. Methods : This retrospective cross-sectional observational study included 52 patients diagnosed with multiple myeloma between January 2020 and May 2025. Patients were classified according to immunoglobulin subtype (IgG, IgA, and light chain). Renal failure was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m² and/or the presence of acute kidney injury at diagnosis, according to KDIGO criteria. Clinical, laboratory, and treatment-related data were obtained from electronic medical records. Statistical analyses were performed using appropriate parametric and non-parametric tests. Results : The mean age of the patients was 66.2+/-10 years, and 57.7% were male. Renal failure was observed in 13.5% of patients. A significant association was found between advanced disease stage and renal failure (p=0.006). Immunoglobulin subtype was also significantly associated with renal failure (p=0.04), with a higher incidence observed in patients with lambda light chain disease. No significant associations were found between renal failure and other clinical or laboratory parameters. Conclusion : Immunoglobulin subtype, particularly light chain disease, is associated with the development of renal failure in multiple myeloma. These findings highlight the importance of disease biology in renal involvement and support early diagnosis and appropriate treatment strategies to improve renal outcomes.
