Monica OKTAVIANA, Josephine CAESARLIA, Teresa DITA
The Journal of Pediatric Research - 2026;13(1):1-12
This study aimed to compare fasting lipid profiles in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and healthy controls. This systematic review and meta-analysis followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024600840). A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, SpringerLink, EBSCOhost, and Google Scholar. Eligible studies were observational and included children and adolescents aged 5-19 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Search terms combined "Lipid profile", "Dyslipidemia", "Cholesterol", "HDL ", "LDL ", "Triglycerides", "Child", " Adolescent", "Pediatric", "Young people", "Type 1 Diabetes", and "Insulin Dependent Diabetes" . Study quality was assessed with the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, and data were synthesized using RevMan 5.4. Eleven studies were included with a total of 1,529 participants. Compared with the controls, children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus showed higher total cholesterol [mean difference (MD)=14.3 mg/dL; 95% confidence interval (CI): 8.4-20.4], low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (MD=11.0 mg/dL; 95% CI: 7.0-14.8), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (MD=2.66 mg/dL; 95% CI: 0.1-5.2). Triglycerides were slightly increased but not significantly (MD=8.6 mg/dL; 95% CI: -0.4-21.3). This meta-analysis reveals lipid alterations in pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus. Routine lipid screening and timely interventions are warranted in order to guide preventive care for cardiovascular disease risk.
