Sachindra LOCHANA, Sachini Nethmini HETTIARACHCHI
Northwestern Medical Journal - 2026;6(1):359-368
Objective: Ionizing radiation, which is utilized in radiation therapy, is one of the mainstays of cancer treatment. It is used to eliminate cancer cells while causing the least possible harm to surrounding healthy tissues. Exposure to ionizing radiation poses significant hazards to healthcare workers, including nursing staff in radiotherapy departments. In order to reduce risks and safeguard both patients and employees, radiation safety procedures such as the use of protective equipment, shielding, and monitoring must be implemented. Despite these safeguards, psychological issues such as stress, anxiety, and burnout are common among nursing staff. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to explore the psychological impacts of radiation safety protocols on nursing staff. PRISMA guidelines were followed, with a literature search across Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science from 2000 to 2024. Studies included impacts on mental health such as anxiety, stress, and burnout. Data extraction focused on psychological impacts, safety measures, and coping strategies. Results: Out of the 602 initial records, 58 studies met the inclusion criteria, highlighting common psychological challenges such as stress, anxiety, and exhaustion associated with radiation safety protocols. Both short-term and long-term exposure to radiation significantly contribute to heightened anxiety levels. Furthermore, organizational culture and the quality of staff training serve as critical determinants of psychological well-being. Conclusion: Nursing staff in radiotherapy are concerned about the psychological strain brought on by radiation safety procedures. Institutions should consider mental health support to build a resilient workforce in radiotherapy departments. Modern safety technologies, organizational support, and appropriate training are essential for reducing anxiety and enhancing the well-being of staff.
