YASEMİN HACANLI
Eurasian Clinical and Analytical Medicine - 2025;13(2):52-54
If the blood flow slows down and the tissues and organs cannot be delivered the oxygen they need, the lack of sufficient oxygen level is called ischemia, and the restoration of blood flow to tissues and organs is called reperfusion. The damage that occurs after ischemia-reperfusion is called ischemia-reperfusion injury. The complexity of the mechanisms that cause ischemia-reperfusion injury prevents the complete elucidation of this mechanism. Ischemic conditions may lead to irreversible consequences such as cerebral infarction and myocardial infarction. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury is a pathogenic mechanism of heart failure and myocardial infarction and is a major health problem worldwide. Several important pathological processes are involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury, including oxidative stress, programmed cell death (ferroptosis, apoptosis, necrosis), fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and inflammatory response. Many studies have been conducted to clarify the mechanisms and treatment modalities involved in ischemia-reperfusion injury. This is because ischemia-reperfusion injury is one of the leading causes of death, similar to myocardial infarction, peripheral vascular diseases, etc. Recently, revascularization methods have been used to reduce the level of ischemic damage. In this review, we will briefly discuss the mechanism of cardiac injury and ischemia-reperfusion injury.
