Vella Lailli DAMARWATI, Fairuz Rizkika WIDIASWARA, Fajriah KHOIRATUNISA, Risa Umari Yuli ALIVIYANTI, Dyah RAHMASARI, Aji WINANTA
Journal of Research in Pharmacy - 2026;30(2):417-426
Vetıveria zizanioides essential oil (VEO) possesses antioxidant activity and prospective uses for the health and cosmetics industries. This research aims to evaluates VEO's antioxidant activity and physical characteristics formulated as a nanoemulsion-based cream. VEO was extracted by steam distillation and formulated into nanoemulsion-based cream (NC) in three variants concentration: FI (1% v/v), FII (3% v/v), and FIII (5% v/v). NC was evaluated for physical characteristics, including organoleptic, homogeneity, spreadability, pH, viscosity, particle size, and stability. The antioxidant activity was assessed in vitro using a DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Data was analyzed using ANOVA. The results showed that all the formulas fulfill the physical characteristics requirements, with F1 showing a smaller particle size (133.5 nm). According to the antioxidant activity, all formulas performed better with IC50 value for FI (41.63 +/- 0.58 µg/mL), FII (22.68 +/- 0.19 µg/mL), and FIII (12.31 +/- 0.78 µg/mL). Compared with the positive control, FIII has the highest antioxidant activity (p>0.05). Therefore, FIII has the optimal formulation based on physical characteristics, antioxidant activity, and potential to develop in future cosmetics.
