Abdurrahman MERT, Ümmügülsüm ESENKAYA
Annals of Clinical and Analytical Medicine - 2026;17(10):1056-1060
Aim: This study examines the perinatal and maternal outcomes in pregnant women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus and their newborns. Methods: Our study is a retrospective cohort study. A total of 330 pregnant women underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Two groups were evaluated: the group diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) after a 75-gram OGTT, comprising 165 pregnant women, and the healthy group with normal test results, also comprising 165 pregnant women. Demographic findings, maternal chronic diseases, delivery methods, and neonatal outcomes were compared between the GDM and control groups. The risk factors of GDM and maternal-fetal outcomes were compared. Results: In the group diagnosed with GDM, multiparity and advanced age were found to be significant risk factors. In the GDM group, the treatment for women with a history of GDM was mostly insulin, while diet and exercise were more commonly used in women without a history of GDM. Maternal complications were more frequently observed in the GDM group. The number of newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit was lower in the control group. Conclusion: As a result of our study, fetal-maternal complications and neonatal intensive care outcomes were found to be higher in GDM. Gestational diabetes mellitus is the most common maternal complication during pregnancy, and its fetal-maternal effects are preventable, making its diagnosis and treatment highly important.
