Figen Efe ÇAMİLİ, Fahrettin NURDOĞAN, Esra Şimşekoğlu POLAT, Selim AFŞAR, Gürhan GÜNEY, Mine İslimye TAŞKIN
Journal of Health Sciences and Medicine - 2026;9(3):806-811
Aims: This study aimed to evaluate preoperative HbA1c and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in patients with endometrial carcinoma and to investigate their associations with tumor grade and lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI). Methods: This retrospective study included 81 patients with histologically confirmed endometrial carcinoma and 30 control patients diagnosed with endometrial hyperplasia who underwent hysterectomy. Patients were categorized into four groups: grade 1-2 LVSI-negative, grade 1-2 LVSI-positive, grade 3 tumors, and controls. Preoperative glucose, HbA1c, and vitamin D levels were retrieved from medical records. Group comparisons were performed using Welch's ANOVA with Games-Howell post hoc testing. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was conducted adjusting for age and body-mass index. Results: Patients with endometrial carcinoma were significantly older and had higher BMI, glucose, and HbA1c levels, along with lower vitamin D concentrations compared with controls (all p<0.05). Post hoc analyses demonstrated higher glucose and HbA1c levels in the grade 1-2 LVSI-negative group, while both the grade 1-2 LVSI-positive and grade 3 groups had significantly lower vitamin D levels compared with controls. After adjustment for age and BMI, only vitamin D levels remained independently associated with disease group (p=0.006). Conclusion: Preoperative metabolic dysregulation and vitamin D deficiency were observed in patients with endometrial carcinoma. While glycemic alterations appeared partly mediated by age and adiposity, reduced vitamin D levels remained independently associated with tumor characteristics, suggesting a potential role in disease biology.
