Ahmet Emre HATIR, Mustafa ONMAZ, Nur DEMİRBAŞ
Turkish Journal of Public Health - 2026;24(1):222-231
Objective: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is generally examined in terms of medications, laboratory results, and potential complications, but patients' own perceptions of their health are also important. The EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) scale provides patients to summarize their self-assessed health status in key areas. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric performance of the Turkish EQ-5D-5L in adults with T2DM. Methods: This methodological cross-sectional study was conducted between March and June 2025 at a family health center in the Karatay district of Konya, Türkiye. The study sample comprised 273 adults with T2DM who responded to an online questionnaire consisting of the EQ-5D-5L, the Short Form-12 Health Questionnaire (SF-12), and a sociodemographic form. Reliability was examined using internal consistency and a two-week test-retest assessment. Validity was assessed through structural validity, known-groups comparisons, and convergent/discriminant validity with the SF-12. Ceiling and floor effects were also evaluated. Results: Cronbach's alpha for the EQ-5D-5L was 0.849. Comparative Fit Index (CFI) and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) were 0.951 and 0.901, respectively, while Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was 0.152. The EQ-5D-5L index score showed a strong correlation with the SF-12 Physical Component Summary (r = 0.706). Ceiling effect of 20.5% and no floor effect were observed. Conclusion: The Turkish version of the EQ-5D-5L appears to be a concise and practical tool for assessing quality of life in adults with T2DM, with generally supportive evidence for reliability and validity. However, some caution is warranted regarding structural validity, particularly in light of the elevated RMSEA observed in the factor analysis. Further studies in other disease groups and larger samples are needed to strengthen generalizability and to better capture mental health dimensions.
