YOSUKE NAKAYA, HİDEO KOH, NAONORİ HARADA, HİROSHİ OKAMURA, TAKUYA MİSUGİ, TOMOKİ SUEKANE, DAİSUKE TACHİBANA, HİROSHİ KİMURA, MASAYUKİ HİNO, HİROHİSA NAKAMAE
Experimental and Clinical Transplantation - 2023;21(2):184-188
Salvage human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplant using posttransplant cyclophosphamide has shown promising results for graft failure in various hematological disorders. However, to our knowledge, no such findings have been reported for a case of chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection, although graft failure is relatively common in patients with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection. We report a case of a 32-year-old woman with natural killer-cell type chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection who experienced graft failure after a first allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant from an unrelated human leukocyte antigen-matched donor. The patient received a second allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant with human leukocyte antigen-haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplant using posttransplant cyclophosphamide (cyclophosphamide, 50 mg/kg, on day 3 and day 4) following reduced-intensity conditioning as rescue therapy. Neutrophils successfully engrafted on day 19, and the patient sustained remission without severe transplant-related complication 10 months after salvage human leukocyte antigenhaploidentical hematopoietic cell transplant using posttransplant cyclophosphamide. This report suggests that salvage human leukocyte antigenhaploidentical hematopoietic cell transplant using posttransplant cyclophosphamide may be a feasible therapeutic option for graft failure in patients with chronic active Epstein-Barr virus infection.
