RAMİN YAGHOBİ, MOHAMMAD JAVAD KAZEMİ, BİTA GERAMİZADEH, SEYED ALİ MALEK HOSSEİNİ, JAVAD MOAYEDİ
Experimental and Clinical Transplantation - 2020;18(2):206-209
Objectives: Investigations into the viral causes of endstage liver disease in liver transplant patients with cryptogenic underlying disease remain of interest. Hepatitis C virus infection, especially in its silent (occult) form, may play a key role in the introduction and development of cryptogenic cirrhosis. We aimed to determine the prevalence of occult hepatitis C virus infection in liver transplant recipients with cryptogenic cirrhosis. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 127 liver transplant recipients confirmed to have cryptogenic cirrhosis were included. Plasma samples of the patients underwent evaluation for hepatitis C virus antibody using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Plasma samples and paraffin-embedded liver tissue samples were tested for hepatitis C virus RNA using nested reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. Results: Hepatitis C virus RNA was detected in liver tissue sections of 10 patients (7.9%). However, none of the cryptogenic patients had hepatitis C virus RNA or antibody in their plasma samples. None of the patients had hepatitis C or G virus coinfection, but simultaneous detection of hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus was diagnosed in 4 liver tissue samples. Conclusions: A finding of hepatitis C virus RNA in liver tissue samples of transplant recipients presents the historical possibility of occult hepatitis C virus infection as underlying disease in our patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis. Results present an important and determinative role of occult hepatitis C virus infection in the pathogenesis of cryptogenic cirrhosis, which needs further confirmation in additional studies.
