XİAOTİNG ZHENG, XİNGWANG YAO, WEN ZHOU
Experimental and Clinical Transplantation - 2025;23(4):259-268
Objectives: Kidney transplant recipients in China frequently encounter challenges associated with compromised sleep quality and heightened sleep disturbances after surgery. These physiological alterations not only compromise daily functioning of patients but may also elevate the risk of secondary complications and hinder postoperative recovery trajectories. Despite the clinical importance of these issues, current research efforts remain predominantly focused on generic sleep pattern analysis, with insufficient attention to the heterogeneous manifes-tations of sleep-related complications among kidney transplant recipients. To characterize latent phenot-ypic profiles and multidimensional determinants of sleep anxiety in kidney transplant recipients, targeted interventions are needed to optimize long-term health outcomes. Materials and Methods: We used convenience sampling to recruit 259 kidney transplant recipients from a tertiary care hospital in Changsha, Hunan Province, China, between October 2023 and October 2024. All recipients were first-time transplant patients, with kidneys sourced from relatives (up to fourth-degree) or spouses. Donors were aged ≥18 years. We conducted a cross-sectional survey design by using 4 standardized instruments: sociodemographic variables, the Anxiety and Preoccupation about Sleep Questionnaire, the Athens Insomnia Scale, and the Self-Regulated Fatigue Scale. We used latent profile analysis to identify distinct categories of sleep anxiety among patients and logistic regression analysis to determine associated influencing factors. Results: Sleep anxiety was classified into 3 latent categories (low, intermediate, and high). Logistic regression analysis identified sex, monthly household income, education level, comorbidities, insomnia status, and self-regulated fatigue as significant influencing factors (P < .05) Conclusions: Sleep anxiety posttransplant exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity across phenotypes. Targeted interventions addressing identified socio-demographic and pathophysiological determinants could optimize sleep outcomes and quality of life in this population.
