Ali KAPLAN, Ece ALAGÖZ, Elif Nur DEMİRCİ
Health Sciences Quarterly - 2026;6(4):939-956
This scoping review aimed to map and synthesize organizational strategies that integrate technology to prevent workplace violence (WPV) against nurses. It was conducted in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology and PRISMA guidelines. The research question was formulated based on the Population, Concept, and Context (PCC) framework. Systematic searches were performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science for studies published between 2015 and 2026. Full-text primary studies using quantitative, qualitative, or mixed methods and addressing technology-integrated strategies were eligible. Reviews, letters to the editor, and grey literature were excluded. Data were extracted on study characteristics, including: 1) typology of technologies, 2) intervention area, 3) effectiveness, 4) key findings, 5) facilitators and barriers, and 6) recommendations. The 10 included studies were published between 2019 and 2026, six of them in 2024 or later. Most were conducted in the United States, and half included emergency departments. Designs were mainly quantitative or observational. Identified interventions clustered into electronic health record-based behavioral alert systems, artificial intelligence/machine learning risk prediction models, multicomponent safety programs, physical environment design tools, and web-based educational models. Reported outcomes were promising, with machine-learning models predicting violence at up to 90% accuracy, natural language processing (NLP)-based surveillance detecting unreported incidents with 96.8% sensitivity, and multicomponent programs reducing violence rates from 24.8 to 9.5 per 1,000 admissions. However, barriers persisted, including non-standardized flagging policies, fragmented reporting, alert fatigue, and concerns about demographic bias. Overall, technology-based interventions show substantial potential for early risk identification but require organizational leadership, a strong safety culture, multidisciplinary collaboration, and ethical implementation to be effective and sustainable.
