Bilge ERAYDIN, Nurşen ARITÜRK
Turkish Journal of Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - 2025;20(4):227-234
The use of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents in glaucoma surgery has emerged as a promising adjunctive strategy to improve surgical outcomes by modulating postoperative wound healing. Current data suggest that anti-VEGF therapy effectively reduces angiogenesis, bleb vascularity, and fibroblast proliferation, resulting in more widespread and avascular blebs and potentially providing better short-term intraocular pressure control. While studies are primarily focused on neovascular glaucoma, anti-VEGF agents also have the potential to modulate fibrosis in other glaucoma subtypes. Anti-VEGF agents such as bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept, and conbercept have been investigated as adjuvants to mitomycin-C (MMC) in the treatment of glaucoma filtration surgeries (GFS) and microinvasive bleb-forming surgery (MIBS). However, there is currently no established consensus regarding the optimal route and timing of anti-VEGF administration, and these remain active areas of ongoing research. This review summarizes the current evidence and clinical outcomes of anti-VEGF agents used in glaucoma surgery and provides an overview of their role in postoperative modulation of wound healing, routes of administration, and optimal timing.
