DİGDEM EREN, PELİN SÖNMEZ, BÜŞRA ÇINAR
Aydın Dental Journal - 2025;11(1):17-30
Objectives: This study aims to investigate the surface roughness of four different restorative materials on polished and non-polished surfaces and assess its impact on color stability. Materials and Methods: For the study, we utilized four distinct restorative materials: an alkasite, a nanohybrid composite resin, a dual-cure bulk-fill composite resin, and a posterior bulk-fill composite resin. For each composite resin, polished and non-polished samples were prepared. Following immersion in a coffee solution for a duration of 28 days, the color changes of all samples were assessed with a portable spectrophotometer at days 1, 7, 14, 21 and 28. Surface roughness (Ra) was evaluated using a conventional profilometer. Additionally, surface analyses were conducted for one sample from each group utilizing Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Statistical analyses were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test, the Mann-Whitney U test, Bonferroni-corrected ANOVA, and Pearson correlation analysis. Results: Upon examining the ΔE values at the conclusion of the 28-day period, significant differences among the groups were observed. Cention N exhibited the greatest color change, while Fill-Up demonstrated the least. Notably, the surface roughness values differed significantly among the groups (p<0.05). Within the polished groups, Cention N exhibited the highest Ra value, while Filtek One Bulk Fill presented the lowest Ra value. In the samples finished with Mylar strip, Fill-Up showed the highest Ra value and Z 550 showed the lowest Ra value. No linear correlation was identified between the surface roughness and the discoloration of the composite resins. Conclusion: When using acid neutralising ion-releasing alkasite composite, their disadvantage in terms of colouration and surface roughness should be taken into account.
