Tomike Olubunmi FAMUTIMI, Olufunke Mercy IWAOLA, Feyikemi Rhoda SUNDAY, Bolanle Omolade OJO, Oluwafemi Blessing AJIBOYE
Eurasian Journal of Family Medicine - 2026;15(3):185-194
Aim: Maternal mortality remains a major challenge in low - and middle -income countries, with Nigeria carrying one of the highest burdens. Although Emergency Obstetric Care is crucial for preventing preventable deaths, women continue to face barriers that hinder timely access to life-saving services. Methods: Using the Three-Delay Model, which includes delays in deciding to seek care, reaching a facility, and receiving adequate care, this paper explores how preventable maternal deaths occur in Nigeria. The analysis draws on existing evidence to examine the fact ors underlying each delay. Results: Evidence shows that these delays are driven by socio-cultural beliefs, financial constraints, poor transportation, weak referral systems, shortages of skilled midwives, and inadequate facility readiness. Midwives play a vital role in addressing each delay through health education, community engagement, referral coordination, prompt triage, and leadership in emergency response. However, their effectiveness is limited by workforce shortages, infrastructural challenges, lack of supplies, burnout, and persisten t socio-cultural barriers. Conclusion: Strengthening midwifery education and continuous professional development, improving community awareness and birth preparedness, investing in facility readiness and referral pathways, promoting interdisciplinary teamwork, and increasing policy support and financing for Emergency Obstetric Care. Addressing these gaps is essential for reducing delays and improving maternal outcomes in Nigeria.
